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Table of Contents

The Mac OSX v. 10.2 Jaguar Book ~ 1

Introduction ~ 3
Who Needs This Book? ~ 3
Hardware Requirements ~ 3
What's Inside ~ 4
Contacting the Author ~ 5

Part I: The Operating System ~ 6
Chapter List ~ 6

Chapter 1: Getting to Know Mac OS X Version 10.2 ~ 7
Overview ~ 7
What Tasks Does the Operating System Perform? ~ 7
Mac OS X Components ~ 8
Core Operating System ~ 9
Display and Sound ~ 10
Developer Frameworks ~ 11
Interface ~ 12
Using Mac OS X ~ 13
Basic Mac OS X Operations ~ 14
The Graphical User Interface ~ 14
Popular Macintosh Activities ~ 19
Transferring Data ~ 24
Cut and Paste: Using the Clipboard ~ 25
Macintosh Drag and Drop ~ 26
Stickies ~ 28
Wrapping Up ~ 28

Chapter 2: Working with the Finder and Desktop ~ 30
Overview ~ 30
Finder Menus and Commands ~ 30
Apple Menu ~ 31
Application Menu Items ~ 32
File Menu ~ 33
Edit Menu ~ 34
View Menu ~ 35
Go Menu ~ 36
Window Menu ~ 37
Help Menu ~ 38
Input Menu ~ 38
Utility Menu ~ 38
Finder and Desktop Basics ~ 39
Finder Preferences ~ 40
Window View Options ~ 41
Advanced Finder and Desktop Features ~ 48
The Dock ~ 48
Navigating from the Keyboard ~ 50
Dragging Files between Inactive Windows ~ 51
Working with Multiple Files ~ 52
Title Bar Pop-up Menu ~ 52
Icon Proxies ~ 53
Resizing Windows ~ 53
Option Key Options ~ 53
Trash and Empty Trash ~ 54
Locating Files in the Finder ~ 55
Displaying Information about Finder Objects ~ 56
General ~ 57
Name & Extension ~ 58
Content Index ~ 58
Open With ~ 59
Languages ~ 59
Preview ~ 59
Ownership & Permissions ~ 59
Comments ~ 60
Wrapping Up ~ 60

Chapter 3: Customizing Mac OS X ~ 61
Mac OS Customization Features ~ 61
Using the New System Preferences ~ 61
Changing the Desktop ~ 65
Customizing the Dock ~ 67
Selecting an Appearance ~ 68
Customizing Date & Time Display ~ 69
Setting Displays and Sound System Preferences ~ 69
Customizing Energy Saver Preferences ~ 73
Configuring Screen Effects ~ 74
Customizing Finder Window Toolbars ~ 75
Using Third-Party Customization Utilities ~ 76
DragThing ~ 77
Default Folder X ~ 78
WindowShade X ~ 79
QuicKeys X ~ 79
Show Desktop ~ 80
TinkerTool ~ 81
X-Assist ~ 82
Other Utilities ~ 82
Working with Multiple Users ~ 83
Creating User Accounts ~ 83
Setting a Root Password ~ 86
Changing Passwords ~ 87
Customizing Auto Login ~ 87
Configuring User Login Items ~ 88
Deleting User Accounts ~ 89
Wrapping Up ~ 89

Chapter 4: Configuring the Classic Environment ~ 90
Overview ~ 90
Configuring Mac OS 9.x ~ 90
Hard Drive Options ~ 90
Booting into Mac OS 9.x ~ 91
Booting into Mac OS X ~ 92
Configuring Classic System Preferences ~ 93
Starting and Stopping Classic ~ 95
Configuring Classic for Multiple Users ~ 96
Working with Mac OS 9.x ~ 98
Exploring the Mac OS 9.x System Folder ~ 98
Appearance ~ 100
The Apple Menu Folder ~ 100
Application Support ~ 101
Clipboard ~ 101
ColorSync Profiles ~ 101
Contextual Menu Items ~ 101
The Control Panels Folder ~ 102
Control Strip Modules ~ 104
The Extensions Folder ~ 104
Favorites ~ 105
Finder ~ 105
Fonts ~ 105
Help ~ 105
Internet Search Sites ~ 106
Language & Region Support ~ 106
Launcher Items ~ 106
Login ~ 106
MacTCP DNR ~ 106
MS Preferences Panels ~ 106
Note Pad File ~ 106
Panels ~ 107
Preferences ~ 107
PrintMonitor Documents ~ 107
Scrapbook File ~ 107
Scripting Additions and Scripts ~ 107
Shutdown ~ 107
Startup Items ~ 108
System Suitcase and System Resources ~ 108
Text Encodings ~ 108
Managing and Optimizing Classic ~ 108
Adding Files to the System Folder ~ 109
Deleting Files from the System Folder ~ 110
Optimizing Classic ~ 110
Troubleshooting Classic ~ 111
Wrapping Up ~ 114
Exploring the Mac OS X File System ~ 116
Working with Aliases ~ 116
Basic Aliasing Concepts ~ 117
Creating and Using Aliases ~ 118
Advanced Aliasing Concepts ~ 119
Aliasing Folders or Volumes ~ 121
Using Aliases ~ 122
Searching for Files and Folders ~ 123
Basic Find Commands ~ 124
Searching for Files ~ 125
Advanced File Searches ~ 125
Tips for Effective Searches ~ 128
Using Comments ~ 133
Compressing and Encrypting Files ~ 133
Compressing and Encrypting Files with DropStuff ~ 134
Decompressing and Decrypting Files with StuffIt Expander ~ 135
Creating Encrypted Disk Images with Disk Copy ~ 135
Wrapping Up ~ 136

Chapter 5: Organizing Your Data ~ 138

Chapter 6: Mac OS X for PowerBooks and iBooks ~ 139
Overview ~ 139
What's Missing in Mac OS X? ~ 139
Portability Issues ~ 140
Managing Power and Performance ~ 141
Managing Displays ~ 144
Changing Locations ~ 147
Laptop Security ~ 148
Power Shortcuts ~ 150
Using Trackpad Shortcuts ~ 150
QuicKeys ~ 153
Virtual Desktops ~ 154
Wrapping Up ~ 155

Chapter 7: Working with Mac OS X Applications ~ 156
Mac OS X Compatibility ~ 156
Choosing a Default Application ~ 157
Mac OS X Applications ~ 159
Launching Applications ~ 164
Working with Stationery Documents ~ 167
Creating Stationery Documents ~ 167
Using Stationery Documents ~ 168
Stationery Tips ~ 168
Working with Multiple Applications ~ 169
Managing Layered Windows ~ 169
Attached Sheets ~ 170
Wrapping Up ~ 171

Part II: Applications ~ 172
Chapter List ~ 172

Chapter 8: Working with Classic Applications ~ 173
Memory vs. Storage ~ 173
How the Mac OS Uses Memory ~ 174
Disk Cache ~ 175
Virtual Memory ~ 176
RAM Disk ~ 179
Controlling Memory for Classic Applications ~ 180
About This Computer/About This Mac ~ 180
Using Get Info for Classic Applications ~ 183
Setting Memory Options for Classic Applications ~ 185
Configuring Dual-OS Applications ~ 186
Managing Classic Applications ~ 187
Multitasking in Mac OS 9.x ~ 187
Multitasking and Classic Applications in Mac OS X ~ 188
Managing Multiple Applications ~ 188
Foreground and Background Applications ~ 188
Switching Among Classic and Carbon/Cocoa Applications ~ 189
Background Processing ~ 190
Hiding Applications ~ 191
Hiding the Desktop in Mac OS 9.x ~ 192
Hiding the Desktop in Mac OS X ~ 193
Classic Multitasking Tips ~ 193
Wrapping Up ~ 194

Chapter 9: Exploring Multimedia ~ 195
Overview ~ 195
QuickTime ~ 195
What's New in QuickTime 6 ~ 196
QuickTime Basics ~ 196
Configuring QuickTime ~ 200
QuickTime and Data Compression ~ 202
Using the QuickTime Player ~ 205
QuickTime VR ~ 207
Preview ~ 207
Speech Recognition ~ 208
Recognizing Speech ~ 209
Converting Text to Speech ~ 212
Tunes ~ 213
Playing Audio CDs ~ 213
Converting Audio CDs to MP3 ~ 214
Creating Playlists ~ 214
Listening to Internet Radio ~ 215
Creating Audio CDs from MP3s ~ 216
iMovie and iDVD ~ 216
Wrapping Up ~ 218

Chapter 10: Managing Fonts and Printers ~ 219
Imaging Models ~ 219
Mac OS X Fonts ~ 220
Bitmapped Fonts ~ 220
Type 1 Fonts (PostScript) ~ 221
TrueType Fonts ~ 223
OpenType Fonts ~ 223
Choosing a Font Standard ~ 223
Installing and Removing Fonts ~ 224
Working with the Font Panel ~ 225
Third-Party Font Utilities ~ 227
eBookfaces ~ 227
FontChecker ~ 228
FontExampler ~ 228
Font Reserve ~ 229
Printing in Mac OS X ~ 230
Selecting Printers with Print Center ~ 230
Using Page Setup ~ 233
Previewing and Saving Documents as PDFs ~ 234
Working with the Print Dialog Box ~ 235
ColorSync and Color Matching ~ 236
Wrapping Up ~ 239

Chapter 11: Scripting Mac OS X ~ 241
Overview ~ 241
What Is AppleScript? ~ 241
The AppleScript Architecture ~ 244
Scripting Basics ~ 245
The Script Editor ~ 246
Recording a Script ~ 246
Saving a Script ~ 247
Running a Script ~ 249
Modifying a Script ~ 250
Using the Script Menu ~ 251
Scriptable Applications ~ 253
Folder Actions ~ 255
Example Scripts ~ 256
Wrapping Up ~ 257

Chapter 12: Using Java ~ 258
Overview ~ 258
Java on the Macintosh ~ 258
Macintosh Runtime for Java ~ 260
Other Java VMs ~ 261
Running Java Applets ~ 261
Applet Launcher ~ 261
Java Applets with Web Browsers ~ 263
Using the Java Plugin Settings Utility ~ 264
Java Web Start ~ 264
The Look of Cross-Platform Programs ~ 266
Wrapping Up ~ 267

Chapter 13: Troubleshooting Mac OS X ~ 269
Preventing Problems ~ 269
Common Problems and Their Solutions ~ 270
Computer Won't Start Up ~ 270
Blinking Question Mark on Startup ~ 271
Application Crashes ~ 273
Application Stalls During Use ~ 274
Computer Won't Restart or Shut Down ~ 275
Kernel Panic ~ 275
Drive Not Recognized ~ 275
Can't Connect to a Network/Internet ~ 277
Mouse and Keyboard Won't Work ~ 278
Colors Won't Display Properly ~ 279
Computer Won't Print ~ 279
Document Won't Open ~ 280
Forgot Password ~ 281
Useful Tools for Mac OS X ~ 282
Software Update ~ 282
Get Mac OS X Software ~ 282
Mac Help ~ 283
Apple System Profiler ~ 283
Console ~ 284
CPU Monitor ~ 284
ProcessViewer ~ 285
Disk Utility ~ 286
Third-party Utilities ~ 286
Useful Tools for Mac OS 9.x ~ 287
Disk First Aid ~ 287
Drive Setup ~ 287
Extension Manager ~ 287
Extension Overload ~ 287
Conflict Catcher ~ 287
FWB Hard Disk Toolkit ~ 287
Useful Resources ~ 288
AppleCare Service and Support ~ 288
MacNN ~ 288
Macintouch ~ 289
MacCentral ~ 289
MacFixIt ~ 289
Mac OS X Apps ~ 289
Version Tracker: Mac OS X ~ 289
Mac OS X Hints ~ 289
macosxlabs.org ~ 290
Wrapping Up ~ 290

Part III: Networking ~ 291
Chapter List ~ 291

Chapter 14: Connecting to the Internet ~ 292
Overview ~ 292
Getting Connected: LAN vs. Modem ~ 292
LAN Access ~ 292
Modem Access ~ 293
Ports and Protocols ~ 293
Configuring Network System Preferences ~ 293
Managing Locations ~ 294
Configuring Network Ports ~ 295
Connecting to the Internet Using Ethernet ~ 296
Connecting to the Internet Using a Modem ~ 302
Dialing Into an ISP with Internet Connect ~ 306
Wrapping Up ~ 307

Chapter 15: Accessing Internet Services ~ 308
Accessing Network Volumes ~ 308
Connecting to a Server ~ 309
Configuring Connection Options ~ 310
Authentication ~ 311
Selecting and Mounting Specific Volumes ~ 311
Remote Volumes and Access Privileges ~ 312
Volume Access Shortcuts ~ 313
Disconnecting from Remote Volumes ~ 314
Accessing .Mac Services ~ 314
Accessing Files via FTP ~ 316
Accessing Files via SSH ~ 318
Sharing Resources with Timbuktu, Apple Remote Desktop, and VNC ~ 319
Storing Internet Passwords in the Keychain ~ 321
Using the Default Keychain ~ 321
Adding Items to a Keychain ~ 322
Adding and Deleting Keychains ~ 323
Wrapping Up ~ 324

Chapter 16: Sharing Internet Services ~ 326
What Is File Sharing? ~ 326
The Limits of Personal File Sharing ~ 327
A File Sharing Quick Tour ~ 327
Preparing for File Sharing ~ 328
Starting and Stopping File Sharing ~ 330
Configuring User Access ~ 331
Administrative Users ~ 332
Users ~ 332
Guests ~ 333
Sharing Folders and Volumes ~ 333
Selecting a Folder to Share ~ 334
Understanding Ownership & Permissions ~ 335
Unsharing a Folder ~ 339
Web Sharing ~ 341
Web Server Configuration ~ 342
Starting Web sharing ~ 342
Stopping the Web Server ~ 343
Locating Web Folders ~ 343
Selecting a Home Page ~ 344
Sharing via File Transfer Protocol ~ 345
Sharing Remote Access ~ 346
Sharing Printers ~ 348
Providing Firewall Security ~ 348
Sharing Internet Access ~ 350
Wrapping Up ~ 351

Chapter 17: Mastering Internet Applications and Utilities ~ 353
Configuring Internet System Preferences ~ 353
Network ~ 353
Date & Time (Network Time) ~ 353
Internet ~ 354
QuickTime ~ 356
Sharing ~ 357
Software Update ~ 357
Essential Applications and Utilities ~ 358
Acrobat Reader ~ 358
Address Book ~ 358
iCal ~ 359
iChat ~ 359
Internet Connect ~ 359
Internet Explorer ~ 360
iPhoto ~ 360
iSync ~ 360
iTunes ~ 361
Keychain Access ~ 362
.Mac ~ 362
Mail ~ 363
Network Utility ~ 364
Print Center ~ 364
Sherlock ~ 365
Terminal ~ 365
URL Clippings ~ 366
Essential Third-Party Applications and Utilities ~ 366
BBEdit ~ 366
Transmit ~ 366
URL Manager Pro ~ 366
Usenet News ~ 367
VNC Server/Client ~ 368
Web Browsers ~ 368
Wrapping Up ~ 368

Part IV: Appendixes ~ 369
Chapter List ~ 369

Appendix A: Getting Help ~ 370
Help Viewer ~ 370
Browse Help Documents ~ 370
Search Help Documents ~ 372
Context-Sensitive Help ~ 374
The man Command ~ 374
Proprietary Help ~ 375
Apple Support ~ 375

Appendix B: Shortcuts ~ 376
Common Shortcuts ~ 376
Finder Shortcuts ~ 378
Open and Save Shortcuts ~ 381

Appendix C: Learning Unix Shell Commands ~ 383
The Terminal Application ~ 383
Terminal Window Settings ~ 383
Additional Terminal Options ~ 384
Commonly Used Shell Commands ~ 385
ls ~ 385
pwd ~ 385
cd ~ 385
cat ~ 386
more ~ 386
less ~ 386
ps ~ 386
top ~ 386
history ~ 386
clear ~ 386
man ~ 386
exit ~ 387
cp ~ 387
mv ~ 387
rm ~ 387
mkdir ~ 388
rmdir ~ 388
tar ~ 388
Editors ~ 388
vi ~ 388
emacs ~ 390
pico ~ 391

Appendix D: Mac OS 9.1 and Mac OS X Feature Comparison ~ 393
Operating System Architectures ~ 393
System Functions ~ 394
Applications and Common Tasks ~ 395
Utilities ~ 396

Appendix E: Installing and Updating Mac OS 9.x and Mac OS X ~ 398
Overview ~ 398
Performing a New Installation of Mac OS 9.x ~ 399
Step 1: Select a Destination Disk ~ 399
Step 2: Read the Installation Notes ~ 400
Step 3: Complete the Software License Agreement ~ 400
Step 4: Choose the Software to Install ~ 401
Reinstalling Mac OS 9.x ~ 401
Preparing for Mac OS X ~ 402
Installing Mac OS X ~ 402
Step 1: Read the Installation Notes ~ 403
Step 2: Complete the Software License Agreement ~ 403
Step 3: Select a Destination Disk ~ 403
Step 4: Choose the Software to Be Installed ~ 404
Reinstalling Mac OS X ~ 405
Updating the Mac OS ~ 405

Appendix F: Additional Resources on the Web ~ 408
The Mac OS X Book ~ 408
Apple Computer ~ 408
Mac OS X-Related Sites ~ 409
Apple and Macintosh News ~ 410
Apple and Macintosh Publications ~ 410
Macintosh Hardware and Software ~ 411

List of Figures ~ 413

List of Tables ~ 423